Viruses

Influenza A

Influenza A is a virus familiar to all. It easily travels through the air after respiratory discharges (i.e. sneezing, coughing). Once the virus is airborne, it can travel through ductwork and colonize on heat exchangers, drip pans and filtration systems. The virus can then be distributed to additional parts of a facility and potentially put more people at risk. 2,000,000 virus particles of Influenza A were placed on a stainless steel surface and after six hours, 1,000,000 particles were still active. After 24 hours on the stainless steel, 500,000 particles were still active. When the same amount of Influenza A particles was placed on a copper surface, only 500 remained active after six hours. No active flu particles could be detected on the copper surface after 24 hours.

The images compare the reduction of active Influenza A particles on stainless steel and copper.

2 images of lots of particles on steelActive Influenza A Particles on Stainless Steel

two images, one image with lots of particles on copper and another one with only one particle

Active Influenza A Particles on Copper (Noyce, et al.)

Adenovirus

Adenovirus has been known to cause a variety of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments. Symptoms can be similar to the stomach flu, strep throat and whooping cough, and symptoms can develop into pneumonia, bronchitis and urinary tract infections. Adenovirus is very resilient and can survive for prolonged periods outside of the body. The virus is largely spread by respiratory secretions such as coughing or sneezing. Adenovirus’ resilience and ability to travel through the air make it a prime candidate for air handling system distribution. 2,000,000 virus particles of Adenovirus were placed on a stainless steel surface and after six hours, 1,000,000 particles were still active. After 24 hours on the stainless steel, 500,000 particles were still active. When the same amount of Adenovirus particles was placed on a copper surface, 500,000 remained active after just one hour. Less than 500 active Adenovirus particles could be detected on the copper surface after six hours.

The images compare the reduction of active Adenovirus particles on stainless steel and copper.

Adenovirus (Bacteria Count per ml)
Adenovirus samples on a stainless steel surface over a period of 24 hoursStainless Steel Samples

Adenovirus samples on a copper surface over a period of 6 hours
Copper Alloy C110 Samples

This program is based upon work supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under Contract No. W81XWH-07-C-0054. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity.