• Skip to search
• Skip to primary navigation menu
• Skip to secondary navigation menu
• Skip to main body of content
• Skip to footer
• Back to top

A Copper Alliance Member

• Applications
  • Architecture
    • Design Handbook
    • Copper in Architecture Awards
    • Featured Projects
    • DIY: Do It Proper With Copper Video Series
    • FAQs
    • Finishes
    • Education
    • Manufacturers & Distributors
    • Contractors
    • Questions? Contact Us
  • Automotive
    • Electric Vehicles
    • Copper-Nickel Brake Tube
    • Radiators and Heat Exchangers
  • Electrical
    • Building Wire
    • Power Quality
    • Busbar
    • Industry Links
    • CDA Building Wire Task Group
  • Tube, Pipe & Fittings
    • Overview
    • Key Copper Benefits
    • TechCorner
    • Project Managers
    • DIY: Do It Proper With Copper Video Series
    • Applications
    • Resources & Tools
    • Installing Copper Piping Systems
    • Technical References
    • HVAC/R
    • Copper DX Geothermal Heat Pumps
  • Fuel Gas
    • Introduction
    • Copper Fuel Gas News
    • Specifying Copper Tube
    • System Choice
    • System Design
    • Installation
    • Publications
    • Copper Advantages
    • Training & Meetings
    • System Sizing
    • Design Figures
    • Natural Gas Tables
    • LP Gas Tables
    • Inspection & Testing
    • Contact Project Managers
  • Industrial
    • Copper Motor Rotor
    • Casting Alloys
    • Copper Alloy Molds
    • Bronze Sleeve Bearings
    • Selecting Bronze Bearing Materials
    • Electronic Connector Design Guide
    • Mold Design Guidelines
  • Seawater
    • Copper Nickel
  • Machined Products
    • Free-Cutting Brass
    • Copper and Brass Forgings
    • Bronze Sleeve Bearings
    • Advisory Notice
  • Telecommunications
    • Infrastructure Wiring for Homes
    • Structured Wiring - CDROM's
    • Communications Wiring for Today's Homes
    • The Evolution of Telephone Cable
    • Is Your Home Wired for the 21st Century?
  • Antimicrobial
    • Video, Audio and Podcasts
• Resources
  • Find Suppliers of Copper
    • Architectural Installation Contractors Database
    • Copper & Copper Alloy Fabricator Database
    • Building Products Database
    • Service Centers Database
  • Technical Reference Library
  • Publications List
    • Automotive
    • Building Construction: Architecture
    • Building Construction: Fire Sprinklers
    • Building Construction: Home Builders' Marketing Materials
    • Building Construction: Natural Gas
    • Building Construction: Plumbing
    • Electrical: Energy Efficiency
    • Electrical: General
    • Electrical: Power Quality
    • Electrical: Telecommunications
    • Industrial: Bronze Bearings
    • Industrial: Cast Products
    • Industrial: General
    • Industrial: Machined Rod Products
    • Industrial: Mold Alloys
    • Properties / Standards
    • Seawater
    • Soldering / Brazing / Welding
    • Special Publications
    • Statistics / Directories
  • Seminars, Workshops & Training
  • Market Data
  • Standards
    • CDA UNS Standard Designation for Wrought and Cast Copper
    • ASTM Standard Designation for Wrought and Cast Copper and Copper Alloys
    • International Alloy Systems for Copper
    • Comparison of National Standards
    • Cross Specification Index
    • European Numbering System for Non-Ferrous Metals
    • Inactive Alloys
  • Properties
    • Properties of Wrought and Cast Copper Alloys
    • Properties of Copper
    • Low Temperature Properties of Copper
    • Cryogenic Properties of Copper
    • Typical Uses of Copper Alloys
    • Copper Compounds
    • Microstructures of Copper Alloys
    • Corrosion Protection & Resistance
    • Fabrication Practices
    • Powder Metallurgy
    • Metallurgy of Copper-Base Alloys
  • Questions?
• Consumers
  • Copper in the Arts
    • 2013 Issues
    • 2012 Issues
    • 2011 Issues
    • 2010 Issues
    • 2009 Issues
    • 2008 Issues
    • 2007 Issues
    • Events
  • Copper in Your Home
    • Electrical & Communications Wiring
    • Plumbing, Heating & Cooling
    • Archtecture, Lighting & Decor
    • Environment & Health
    • Cookware & Decorations
    • Do It Yourself
    • Innovations & Technology
    • Home Planning Series
    • FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions
    • Copper Links
    • Copper News
  • Copper & Human Health
    • CDA UK Article: Copper in Human Health
• Education
  • Copper Is...
  • Copper Production
  • Copper Facts
  • History of Copper
    • 60 Centuries of Copper
    • Copper in the USA
  • The Statue of Liberty
    • Concept
    • Construction & Installation
    • Facts & Figures
    • Repair Concerns
    • Repair Details
    • Reclothed Lady
  • Copper & Kids
    • Fingerprint Disinfection Test
    • Copper Experiment
    • Seek a Word
    • Connect the Dots
    • Private Whys?
    • Where Does Copper Come From?
    • Copper Production: From Mine to Mill Product
• Environment
  • Sustainable Energy
    • Electric Motors
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Energy Storage
    • Renewables
    • Transformers
    • Latest in SE
  • Mining & Recycling
    • Copper - The World's Most Reusable Resource
    • Recycling of Copper
    • Trends In Copper Alloy Scrap In The U.S.
  • Green Properties of Copper
    • Why Consider Copper a Sustainable Material
    • Copper in Buildings
    • Copper in Energy Systems
  • Copper in Drinking Water
    • How The Copper Industry Helps Solve Corrosion Problems
    • Lead-free Solders for Drinking Water Plumbing Systems
    • SDWA and Copper Alloys
    • SDWA and Copper Alloys: FAQs
  • Copper in the Natural Environment
    • The Biological Importance of Copper
    • Copper Roof Stormwater Runoff
    • Copper in Brake Pads
    • Case Studies
• Publications
  • Newsletters
    • Building & Architecture News
    • Discover Copper Online
    • Innovations
  • Publications List
    • Automotive
    • Building Construction: Architecture
    • Building Construction: Fire Sprinklers
    • Building Construction: Home Builders' Marketing Materials
    • Building Construction: Natural Gas
    • Building Construction: Plumbing
    • Electrical: Energy Efficiency
    • Electrical: General
    • Electrical: Power Quality
    • Electrical: Telecommunications
    • Industrial: Bronze Bearings
    • Industrial: Cast Products
    • Industrial: General
    • Industrial: Machined Rod Products
    • Industrial: Mold Alloys
    • Properties / Standards
    • Seawater
    • Soldering / Brazing / Welding
    • Special Publications
    • Statistics / Directories
• About CDA
  • CDA Mission
    • 40 Years of Service
  • CDA Staff
  • Press Room
    • Press Releases Archive
  • Membership
    • Associate Membership
    • Association By-Laws
    • CDA Membership Application Form
  • Member Login
  • Trade Shows
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact Us
  • Link to Us
  • Site Help
    • Questions?
    • Sitemap
  • Subscribe to Copper.org

AAA

Publications

• Newsletters
  • Building & Architecture News
    • 2012 Archive
    • 2011 Archive
    • 2010 Archive
    • 2009 Archive
    • 2008 Archive
    • 2007 Archive
  • Discover Copper Online
    • 2010 Archive
    • 2009 Archive
    • 2008 Archive
    • 2007 Archive
    • 2006 Archive
    • 2005 Archive
    • 2004 Archive
    • 2003 Archive
    • 2002 Archive
    • 2001 Archive
    • 2000 Archive
    • 1999 Archive
    • 1998 Archive
    • 1997 Archive
    • 1996 Archive
    • 1995 Archive
    • 1994 Archive
    • 1993 Archive
    • 1992 Archive
    • 1991 Archive
  • Innovations
    • 2007 Archive
    • 2006 Archive
    • 2005 Archive
    • 2004 Archive
    • 2003 Archive
    • 2002 Archive
    • 2001 Archive
    • 2000 Archive
    • 1999 Archive
    • 1998 Archive
    • 1997 Archive
    • How Do They Do That?
    • Topic Archives: Mining & Extraction
    • Topic Archives: Health & Environment
    • Topic Archives: Electrical Applications
    • Topic Archive: Automotive Applications
    • Topic Archive: Architecture Applications
    • Topic Archive: Electronic & Communications Applications
    • Topic Archive: General Interest Applications
    • Topic Archive: Industrial & Marine Applications
    • Topic Archive: Innovative Technology Applications
    • Topic Archives: Metallurgy of Copper & Copper Alloys Applications
    • Topic Archives: Plumbing Applications
• Publications List
  • Automotive
  • Building Construction: Architecture
  • Building Construction: Fire Sprinklers
  • Building Construction: Home Builders' Marketing Materials
  • Building Construction: Natural Gas
  • Building Construction: Plumbing
  • Electrical: Energy Efficiency
  • Electrical: General
  • Electrical: Power Quality
  • Electrical: Telecommunications
  • Industrial: Bronze Bearings
  • Industrial: Cast Products
  • Industrial: General
  • Industrial: Machined Rod Products
  • Industrial: Mold Alloys
  • Properties / Standards
  • Seawater
  • Soldering / Brazing / Welding
  • Special Publications
  • Statistics / Directories

2004 Archive

• Home
• Disclaimer
• Link to Us
• Membership
• Sitemap