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Industrial
- Copper Motor Rotor
- Casting Alloys
- Copper Alloy Molds
- Applications
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- Comparison of Mold Alloy Properties
- Whirlpool Uses Copper Alloy Mold
- Technical Paper - Cooling Prediction
- Technical Paper - Getting Heat Out of the Mold
- Copper Core With Copper Chill Plate Runs Better Than Water In Steel
- Copper-Alloy Core Solves Warpage
- Copper-Alloy Cores Reduce Cycle Time
- Wear Research To Compare Copper Molds To Steel
- ANTEC Report - Use of Copper Alloys to Reduce Mold Condensation Problems
- ANTEC Report - Impact of Fines Separation
- ANTEC Report - Comparison of Various Hard Coatings
- ANTEC Report - Understanding the Source of Reduced Mechanical Properties
- ANTEC Report - Resistance to Erosive Wear
- ANTEC Report - Undercutting Mold Performance
- ANTEC Report - Minimization of Gate Wear
- Applications
- Bronze Sleeve Bearings
- Selecting Bronze Bearing Materials
- Electronic Connector Design Guide
- Mold Design Guidelines
Tin Whiskers
Photo provided by IBM Tin whiskers are formed when thin single crystals of tin grow spontaneously from a tinned surface. These have caused electrical shorts, particularly in parts which have been Electrotinned. Under accelerated conditions researchers have been able to grow whiskers up to 200-in long from Electrotinned surfaces. They were unable to find such whiskers, after the same inducement, on Commercial Hot Dipped Tin, Air Leveled Tin, or Reflow Tin. It is theorized that for Reflow Tin, any stresses from the electroplate (that can cause whiskers) are eliminated by the remelting of the tin. There is no such source of stress for Commercial Hot Dipped Tin and Air Leveled Tin; they were whisker free as expected.
Beyond the Basics - Performance Over Time
- Overview of Stress Relaxation
- Stress Relaxation Tests
- Alloy Selection for Stress Relaxation
- Time Affects Stress Relaxation
- Temperature Affects Stress Relaxation
- Initial Stress Level Affects Stress Relaxation
- Orientation Affects Stress Relaxation
- Temper Affects Stress Relaxation
- Fatigue Strength
- Factors Affecting Fatigue Strength
- Interface Corrosion
- Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
- SCC Susceptable & Resistant Alloys
- Tin Coatings
- Tin Whiskers
- Copper-Tin Intermetallic Compounds
- Effect of Time and Temperature on Copper-Tin
- Contact Resistance When Using Tin Coatings
- Friction When Using Tin Coatings
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